Twentieth Day:
Friday, 14th December, 1945
[Page 428]
2. To eliminate the harmful influence of such alien
groups of the population as represent a danger to the
Reich and the German folk community.
3. To form new German settlements by resettling
and, in particular, by settling returning German
citizens and racial Germans from abroad.
Signed, Himmler." [Page 429]
Obviously in such a mixture of peoples there will always
be some racially good types. Therefore I think that it
is our duty to take their children with us, to remove
them from their environment, if necessary, by abducting
them. Either we win over any good blood that we can use
for ourselves and give it a place in our people, or we
destroy that blood."
1. Germans who had actively promoted the Nazi cause.
2. Germans who had been more or less passive in the Nazi
struggle, but had retained their German nationality.
3. Persons of German extraction who, although previously
connected with the Polish nation, were willing to submit to
Germanisation.
4. Persons of German descent, who had been "politically
absorbed by the Polish nation", and who would be resistant
to Germanisation.
The Racial Register was inaugurated under a decree of 12th
September, 1940, issued by Himmler as Reich Commissioner for
the Consolidation of
[Page 430]
1. Ethnic Germans who fought actively in the ethnic
struggle. Besides membership in a German Organisation,
every other activity favouring the German against a
foreign nationality will be considered an active
manifestation.
2. Ethnic Germans who did not actively intervene in
favour of the German nationality but had proof of their
German nationality.
3. Persons of German descent who became connected with
the Polish nation in the course of the years but have,
on account of their attitude, the prerequisites to
become full-fledged members of the German national
community. To this group belong also persons of non-
German descent who live in mixed marriage with an ethnic
German in which the German spouse has the prevailing
influence. Persons of Masurian, Slonzak, or Upper
Silesian descent, who are to be recognised as ethnic
Germans usually belong to this group 3.
4. Persons of German descent, politically absorbed by the
Polish nation (renegades).
Persons not included on the list of ethnic Germans are
Poles or foreign nationals.
Their treatment is regulated by B II.
Members of groups 3 and 4 have to be educated as full
Germans, that is, have to be re-Germanised in the course
of time through an intensive educational training in old
Germany.
The establishment of members of group 4 has to be based
on the doctrine that German blood must not be utilised
in the interest of a foreign nation. Against those who
refuse re-Germanisation, Security Police measures are to
be taken."
The entire apparatus of the S.S. was thrown behind the
vigorous execution of these decrees. Proof of this fact is
contained in Document R-112, which is Exhibit USA 309, and I
now offer it in evidence. This exhibit contains directives
issued by Himmler as the Reich Commissioner for the
Consolidation of German Nationhood. I quote first from the
last two paragraphs of the English text of the directives,
16th February, 1942, which is on Page 3 of this exhibit. In
the German text this provision appears on Page 1 of the
first decree, dated 16th February, 1942, Paragraphs 1 and 2.
The directive provided, and I now quote:-
[Page 431]
Some of these measures are set forth in Sub-paragraph A of
Paragraph II on Page 5 of Document R-112, and I quote in
full from the English text of that particular paragraph.
This passage is set forth in the German text at Pages 2 and
3 of the second decree dated 16th February, 1942, under II.
This is what the directive provides:-
A. They are to be resettled in Old Reich territory.
1. The Superior S.S. and Police Leaders are charged
with evacuating and resettling them according to
instructions which will follow later.
2. Asocial persons and others who are of inferior
hereditary quality will not be included in the
resettlement. Their names will be turned over at
once by the Higher S.S. and Police Fuehrer
(Inspectors of Security Police and Security Service)
to the competent State Police (Superior) Office. The
latter will arrange for their transfer to a
concentration camp.
3. Persons with a particularly bad political record
will not be included in resettlement action. Their
names will also be given by the Higher S.S. and
Police Fuehrer (Inspectors of Security Police and
Security Service) to the competent State Police
(Superior) Office for transfer to a concentration
camp.
The wives and children of such persons are to be
resettled in old Reich territory and to be included
in the Germanisation measures. Where the wife also
has a particularly bad political record and cannot
be included in the resettlement action, her name,
too, is to be turned over to the competent State
Police (Superior) Office with a view to imprisoning
her in a concentration camp. In such cases the
children are to be separated from their parents and
dealt with according to III, Paragraph 2 of this
decree.
Persons are to be considered as having a
particularly bad political record who have offended
the German nation to a very great degree - e.g., who
participated in persecutions of Germans or boycotts
of Germans, etc." [Page 432]
Excerpts from this article are contained in Document 2915-
PS, which was earlier introduced as Exhibit USA 306. I quote
from the second paragraph of the English text of this
exhibit. The German text appears at the third line from the
bottom of Page 170 and continues to the first full paragraph
of Page 171. I now quote Koppe's statement:-
CAPTAIN HARRIS: Yes, sir.
(A recess was taken.)
CAPTAIN HARRIS: Up to this point we have been speaking of
the Germanisation
measures in the incorporated areas. I should like now
briefly to turn to the
Germanisation programme in the Government General.
In the Government General there were relatively few persons
at the outset who qualified as Germans according to the
conspirators' standards. Hence little would be served by the
introduction of a Racial Register categorising persons of
German extraction on the model of the one instituted in the
incorporated area, and, to our knowledge, no such Racial
Register was prescribed in the Government General. Rather,
the plan seems to have been (a) to make the Government
General a colony of Germany, which - as your Honours will
recall from Document EC-344-16 which has been introduced as
Exhibit USA 297 - was the objective expressed by the
defendant Frank, and (b) to create so-called "German Island
Settlements" in the productive farming areas. These Island
Settlements were to be created by an influx of German
persons who faithfully adhered to the principles of National
Socialism.
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(Part 7 of 9)
[CAPTAIN SAM HARRIS continues]
"The Reichsfuehrer S.S." - that was Himmler - "has the
obligation in accordance with my directives:
Himmler's conception of his task under this decree is
plainly stated in the foreword which he wrote for the
Deutsche Arbeit issue of June/July, 1942. The foreword is
contained in Document 2915-PS, now Exhibit USA 306. I quote
from the first four lines of the English text. The German
text appears at Page 157:-
1. To bring back for final return into the Reich all
German nationals and racial Germans in the foreign
countries.
The Reichsfuehrer S.S. is authorised to take all
necessary general and administrative measures for the
execution of this obligation." "It is not our task," Himmler wrote, "to Germanise the
East in the old sense, that is, to teach the people
there the German language and German law, but to see to
it that only people of purely German, Germanic blood
live in the East.
I next offer in evidence Document 2916-PS, which is Exhibit
USA 307. This document contains various materials taken out
of Der Menscheneinatz 1940, a confidential publication
issued by Himmler's Office for the Consolidation of German
Nationhood. I quote initially from Lines 7 to 11 of Page 1.
In the German text these extracts appear at Page 51, first
four lines under the letter "D". I quote:-
"The removal of foreign races from the incorporated
Eastern territories is one of the most essential goals
to be reached in the German East. This is the chief
national political task, which has to be executed in the
incorporated Eastern territories by the 'Reichsfuehrer'
S.S., Reich Commissioner, for the strengthening of the
national character of the German people."
I next quote from Lines 33 to 39 of Page 1 of the English
text. In the German text, these extracts appear on Page 52,
Lines 14 to 20. I quote:-
" ... there are the following two primary reasons which
make the regaining of lost German blood an urgent
necessity:
1. Prevention of a further increase of the Polish
intelligentsia through families of German descent, even
if they are Polonised.
Further light is thrown upon the goals which the
conspirators had set for their Germanisation programme in
conquered Eastern areas by a speech delivered by Himmler on
14th October, 1943. This speech was published by the
National Socialist Leadership Staff of the O.K.W. The
document came to us through the Document Section, 3rd U.S.
Infantry Division. Excerpts from this speech are set forth
in L-70, which is Exhibit USA 308. I quote all of the
English text, and in the German text these excerpts appear
at Page 23, Lines 6 to 11, 12 to 15, 20 to 23, and Page 30,
Lines 7 to 16. Himmler said, and I quote:-
"I consider that in dealing with members of a foreign
country, especially of some Slav nationality, we must
not start from German points of view, we must not endow
these people with decent German thoughts and logical
conclusions of which they are not capable, but we must
take them as they really are .
Continuing the German text on Page 30, Lines 7 to 16 Himmler
stated. I quote:-
"For us the end of this war will mean an open road to
the East, the creation of the Germanic Reich in this way
or that . . . the bringing home of 30,000,000 human
beings of our blood, so that during our lifetime we
shall be a people of 120,000,000 Germanic souls. That
means that we shall be the sole decisive power in
Europe. That means that we shall then be able to tackle
the peace, during which we shall be willing for the
first 2o years to rebuild and spread out our villages
and towns, and that we shall push the borders of our
German race 500 kilometres further to the East."
In furtherance of the unlawful plans disclosed by the last
four exhibits, which have been offered in evidence, the
conspirators contrived a Racial Register in the incorporated
area of Poland. The Racial Register was, in effect, an
elaborate classification of persons deemed to be of German
blood, and contained provisions setting forth some of the
rights, privileges and duties of the persons in each
classification. Persons were classified into four groups:-
"The list of ethnic Germans will be divided into four
parts (limited to inter-office
use).
The basic idea of creating a Racial Register for persons of
German extraction was later incorporated in a decree Of 3rd
March, 1941, signed by Himmler and the defendants Frick and
Hess. This decree is dated 4th March, 1941, and is set forth
in the Reichsgesetzblatt, 1941, Part 1, Page 118. We ask the
Tribunal to take judicial notice thereof.
"I. Where racial Germans have not applied for entry in
the German Ethnical List you will instruct the
subordinate agencies to turn over their names to the
State Police (Superior) Office. Subsequently, you will
report to me.
The measures taken against persons in the fourth category -
"Polonised Germans" as the conspirators called them - were
particularly harsh. These persons were resistant to
Germanisation, and ruthless measures calculated to break
their resistance were prescribed. Where the individual's
past history indicated that he could not be effectively
Germanised, he was thrown into a concentration camp.
"II. The re-Germanisation of the Polonised Germans
presupposes their complete separation from Polish
surroundings. For that reason the persons entered in
Division 4 of the German Ethnical List are to be dealt
with in the following manner:
Coincident with the programme of Germanising persons of
German extraction in the incorporated areas, the
conspirators, as previously indicated, undertook to settle
large numbers of Germans of proved Nazi convictions in
"The victory of German weapons in the East must,
therefore, be followed by the victory of the German
race over the Polish race, if the regained Eastern
sphere - according to the Fuehrer's will - shall
henceforth remain for all time an essential constituent
part of the Greater German Reich. It is therefore of
decisive importance to infiltrate German farmers,
labourers, civil servants, merchants, and artisans into
the regained German region so that a living and deep-
rooted bastion of German people can be formed as a
protective wall against foreign penetration, and
possibly as a starting point for the racial infusion of
the territories farther East."
THE PRESIDENT: We will adjourn now for 10 minutes.