Newsgroups: alt.conspiracy,alt.revisionism,soc.history,soc.answers,alt.answers,news.answers
Subject: HOLOCAUST FAQ: Willis Carto & The Institute for Historical Review (2/2)
Summary: Research guide to Willis Carto's racist machine
Reply-To: kmcvay@nizkor.org
From: The Nizkor Project 
Followup-To: alt.revisionism
Organization: The Nizkor Project, Vancouver Island, CANADA
Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.edu 
Keywords: Carto,Liberty Lobby,IHR,Spotlight,O'Keefe,Weber

Archive-name: holocaust/ihr/part02
Last-modified: 1999/11/03

              IHR: A Layman's Guide to Willis Carto 
          & The Institute for Historical Review (Part 02)

  4.0 Political Organization.....................................17
  4.1 National Youth Alliance....................................17
  4.2 Populist Action Committee..................................17
  5.0 IHR Investigates Conference Attendees......................23
  6.0 Epilog - Carto Expelled from IHR in Palace Coup ...........23
  7.0 Reference Section..........................................24
  7.1   Suggested Reading........................................25
  7.2   Glossary.................................................25
  7.3   Works Cited..............................................25


[IHR]                                                        [Page 17]

 4.0 Political Organizations & Activities

 4.1 National Youth Alliance

   In his book "Brotherhood of Murder," Martinez mentions the National
   Youth Alliance, which had its beginnings as "Youth for Wallace," and
   was formed during the Wallace Presidential campaign of 1968.  He
   notes that Dr. William Pierce, whom he describes as a "Nazi," along
   with several founders of George Lincoln Rockwell's National Socialist
   White People's Party, joined the organization in the late Sixties.

   The information he provides which relates to Carto's involvement in
   this group is sketchy, to say the least: 

      The behind-the-scenes power in the NYA was Willis Carto, head of
      the far right-wing, Washington, D.C.-based Liberty Lobby,
      publisher of an anti-Zionist magazine called 'Spotlight' and also
      publisher of a book that teaches terrorist urban warfare tactics.

   Martinez continues with "After wresting control of the group from
   Carto..." and no further references are to be found. (Martinez, 33)

   The neo-Nazi group The National Alliance grew out of "The National 
   Youth Alliance," and is now controlled by Dr. William Pierce.
   
   I would appreciate receiving any additional, documented, information
   regarding Carto's involvement with this group, and invite your
   contributions. ("Brotherhood of Murder" tells of Martinez'
   involvement with The Order, the neo-nazi organization responsible for
   the murder of Denver talk-show host Alen Berg and others.)

 4.2 The Populist Action Committee (Richard Hatch, May, 1993)

   In 1991, the Populist Action Committee (PAC) was "formally launched
   by the Liberty Lobby, the Washington-based populist institution that
   publishes _The Spotlight_." (Spotlight, 6-3-91, 1) The PAC is
   intimately tied to the Spotlight, which is "a prime mover behind the
   PAC." (Spotlight, 9-9-91, A-3) Unlike conventional political action
   committees, the PAC will not give money directly to candidates for
   office, but rather will "promote and publicize populist candidates,
   urging patriots to make direct contributions to these candidates."
   (Ibid) 
                             The Kick-Off 

   The featured speaker at the kick-off meeting was "English populist"
   John Tyndall of the British National Party.  (Spotlight, 6-3-91, 1)
   Tyndall is a British "former" National Socialist who has been quoted
   as saying "The Jew is like a maggot feeding on a body in an advanced
   state of decay." (Knight, 47) The selection of Tyndall as featured
   speaker for the founding meeting is an indication of the political
   direction of the Populist Action Committee.  Tyndall was a founder of
   the British National Party in 1960.  (Hill, page??) The original BNP
   was "pro-nazi and anti-semitic" and later merged with other far-right
   groups to form the National Front in 1967.  The NF promoted the
   exclusion of non-whites from England.  (Fielding, 67-68)

[IHR]                                                        [Page 18]

   Tyndall resurrected the old BNP name when he founded a new party
   after the collapse of the National Front.  As noted in a "Spotlight"
   interview, the BNP publishes _British Nationalist_ and _Spearhead_.
   (Spotlight, 6-24-91, 16-17) The name "Spearhead" is a throwback to
   the paramilitary organization in which Tyndall was active during the
   original BNP days.  Tyndall, who sported Nazi-style stormtrooper
   attire in those days, was "gaoled" for his involvement in this
   paramilitary group.  (Hill, 61) 

                    Promoting "Populist Candidates"

   According to Liberty Lobby founder Willis Carto, the PAC "will be
   promoting populist candidates." (Spotlight, 6-10-91, 11) The PAC does
   this in part by publicizing the activities of such candidates in the
   "Spotlight".  

   In one such case, the "Spotlight" directed readers to Joe Fields who
   in 1992 was running for a California State legislature seat under the
   banner of the American Independent Party.  Fields is a notorious
   far-right activist from Southern California who in 1987 "identified
   himself to reporters as a member of the National Socialist American
   Workers Party." (Los Angeles Times March 11, 1988, 30, section 1) 

   Art Jones was singled out for publicity in a special PAC "wrap"
   addition to the Spotlight.  (Spotlight, 3-9-92, A-2) The PAC
   identified Jones as one of "seven viable candidates for public office
   who are dedicated to the principles of populism...With your help,
   there is a chance to elect candidates unbeholden to special interests
   now plunging our country into ruin." Apparently, this was as far as
   the PAC could go, since the special PAC "wrap" noted that the
   "Populist Action Committee is a research and education entity not
   registered with the Federal Election Committee and does not endorse
   any candidate." (Spotlight, 3-9-92, A2) An earlier PAC report in the
   "Spotlight" described Art Jones as a candidate who "puts America
   first." "Spotlight" went on to note that "Jones has been connected to
   far-right nationalist groups in the Chicago area by the local media."
   (Spotlight, 2-24-92, 7) 

   In fact, local media reports had identified Jones as a leader in the
   American Nazi Party.  (Chicago Tribune 1-20-89, 3) Jones was active
   in overt Nazi agitation as far back as 1979, when he was photographed
   at a Chicago rally wearing the swastika armband.  He later became
   briefly involved with Civilian Military Assistance (CMA).  CMA was
   part of the "private" support network for Reagan's contra war in
   Nicaragua.  (Bellant, 120-122) In 1989, Jones was vice chairman of
   the American Nazi Party.  He achieved some notoriety when he was
   photographed shaking hands with David Duke during Duke's run for
   governor of Louisiana.  Even Duke, attempting to shake off his own
   past, called Jones a "Nazi kook." (Rose, 64) 

[IHR]                                                        [Page 19]

                            Populist Personnel 

   The make-up of the advisory board of the PAC gives an idea of why
   such "populist candidates" would be promoted by the PAC.  The members
   (and their descriptions) as of March 9, 1992 included: 

   Abe Lincoln Austin (Monetary Scientist)
   Mike Blair (Investigative Reporter) 
   Ken Bohnsack (Founder, Sovereignty) 
   Robert Brock (Black Nationalist) 
   Howard Carson (Publishing Consultant) 
   Capt. G. Russel Evans (Historian) 
   Lt. Col. James (Bo) Gritz (US Army, ret.) 
   Dr. Martin A. Larson (Author)
   Roger Lourie (President, Devin-Adair publishing) 
   Donald A. MacPherson (Constitutional Attorney) 
   Pauline Mackey (Treasurer, ret. David Duke for President) 
   Tom McIntyre (Former Chairman, Populist Party) 
   Eustace Mullins (Author) 
   John Nugent (Financial Consultant)
   Lawrence Patterson (Editor & Publisher, Criminal Politics) 
   Col. L. Fletcher Prouty (US Air Force, ret.) 
   John Rakus (President, National Justice Foundation) 
   John Rarick (Former Congressman, D-Louisiana)
   Vince Ryan (Editor, The Spotlight) 
   Sherman Skolnick (Chairman, Committee to Clean Up the Courts) 
   Maj. James H. Townsend, Ret. (Editor & Publisher, The National Educator) 
   James P. Tucker (President, National Media Services) 
   Tom Valentine (Host, Radio Free America) 
   Raymond E.  Walk (President, Rayan Associates, Inc.) 
   Robert Weems (Founding Chairman, Populist Party) 

   Some biographies may be useful in illustrating the caliber of
   advisors to the PAC...  

   Mike Blair ("Investigative reporter") is a long-time reporter for
   Spotlight.

   Robert Brock is a "black nationalist" who promotes the repatriation
   of Black Americans and supports the so-called Pace Amendment to that
   end.  This amendment would cause untold upheaval as it calls for the
   compulsory repatriation of most minorities in a period of one year.
   The Pace Amendment would establish mechanisms by which one's race
   would be judged by "a combination of blood type, ancestry, and
   appearance." (Aho, 261-263) 

   Brock's unusual sense of humor was revealed in a surprise appearance
   at Pete Peters Identity Christian camp in 1988.  Brock entered the
   meeting hall dressed in a KKK robe and revealed himself, at the
   podium, no doubt to hearty guffaws.  (Scriptures, Vol. V <1988>, 20) 
   Brock also organized a 1992 Holocaust revisionist "First

[IHR]                                                        [Page 20]

   Amendment" conference in Southern California (Los Angeles Times
   2-2-92, 1, part B) Institute for Historical Review regular Mark Weber
   spoke, as did Joe Fields, now with the Populist Party, and his
   Afrikaner-born wife Dee Fields.  Joe proclaimed his belief in "the
   purity of the races...  and the desirability of segregation." 

   "Bo" Gritz was "featured at two Liberty Lobby conventions in 1987 and
   1990." (Spotlight, 10-26-92, 5) Gritz is a regular on the Christian
   Identity/Patriot/Liberty Lobby circuit.  Rudy Proctor, who Gritz met
   while attending one of Pastor Pete Peters' Christian Identity camps,
   paid for tapes and press releases to be sent to radio stations as
   part of Gritz Khun Sa publicity campaign. (Gritz, 485-486) 

   Gritz has also worked with another prominent Christian Identity
   activist, Richard Flowers, of Boring, Oregon.  Flowers heads up the
   Christian Patriot Association (CPA), which publishes "The Patriot
   Review" and sponsored a Gritz campaign trip to Oregon.  Flowers
   believes that "Blacks in general have a lower IQ than whites, and
   most just want to come in and take over without establishing anything
   themselves." (The Clackamas County Review, week ending June 3, 1992,
   1-2) 

   The CPA distributes an array of literature and audio/video tapes
   through their 76-page book Catalog.  (CPA Book Publisher Book Catalog
   1992-1993) There are whole sections devoted to "Christianity - Race -
   Religion" and "The Jewish Issue." Audio tapes by old stand-bys of the
   Posse Comitatus movement, such as James Wickstrom, are available.
   (See Ridgeway, James.  Blood in the Face.  Thunder's Mouth Press,
   1990, 133 for an example of a Wickstrom tape message) 

   Holocaust revisionists are well represented with tapes by David
   Irving and books by Arthur Butz and Austin App.  Gritz has had a
   direct working relationship with the CPA through the National
   Coalition to Reform Money and Taxes (NCRMT.) Gritz's Center for
   Action and the CPA, as well as a number of other "patriot"
   organizations are allied in this project to repeal income tax, return
   to the use of gold and silver, etc...  The January 1992 edition of
   "The Petitioner" newsletter, which reports on the activities of the
   coalition, approvingly interviewed Gritz and his campaign manager
   Charlie Brown and reported on Gritz's participation in the coalition.
   Gritz also participated in at least one Patterson Strategy conference
   in October 1991 (See entry for Patterson, below) (Criminal Politics,
   July 1991, 29) 

   Martin Larson's column appears practically every week in the
   "Spotlight." Larson writes primarily on economic matters, but manages
   to throw in enough other tidbits to make things interesting.  For
   example, he feels that "the powers that be are doing everything they
   can to encourage breeding among welfare recipients." (Spotlight,
   3-9-92, 18) 


[IHR]                                                        [Page 21]

   Roger Lourie's Devin-Adair company is a long-time source of
   right-wing publications.  In addition, "Devin-Adair and Regnery
   published the greater part of those World War II revisionist studies
   which faulted the Roosevelt administration for intervening against
   the Axis powers." (Mintz, 48) 

   Tom McIntyre was chairman of the Populist Party when they nominated
   "former" Klansman David Duke as their Presidential candidate in 1988.
   (Gritz was nominated to run as Vice Presidential candidate--see above
   for Gritz.) (Spotlight, 3-28-88, 4) 

   Eustace Mullins is the author of the virulently anti-Jewish book "The
   Biological Jew" (Faith and Service Books, Stauton, VA, 1968).
   Mullins, in this lengthy comparison of Jews with biological
   parasites, wrote: 

      The Jew has always functioned best as a panderer, a pornographer,
      a master of prostitution, an enemy of the prevailing sexual
      standards and prohibitions of the gentile community....  

      We must remember that there is no Jewish crime per se, since the
      existence of the Jewish parasite on the host is a crime against
      nature, because its existence imperils the health and life of the
      host...  

      This religious ceremony of drinking the blood of an innocent
      gentile child is basic to the Jew's entire concept of his
      existence as a parasite, living off the blood of the host...  

      The Jews do not want anyone to know what Nazism is.  Nazism is
      simply this--a proposal that the German people rid themselves of
      the parasitic Jews.  The gentile host dared to protest against the
      continued presence of the parasite, and attempted to throw it off.
      It was an ineffectual reaction, because it was emotional and
      ill-informed...  

   Mullins' writings are a standby on the Klan/neo-Nazi circuit.  A
   recent Sons of Liberty book list included Mullins titles such as
   "Jewish TV: Sick, Sick, Sick," "The Jewish War Against the Christian
   World," and "Easter," which the catalog tells us give a "look at the
   5,000 years of history in the ongoing war between the Satanic-Jewish
   forces and their Babylonian religious system and the rest of
   humanity." (Sons of Liberty Fall 1992 catalog, New Christian Crusade
   Church) 

   Lawrence Patterson addressed the national committee of the Populist
   Party in 1988 when they gathered for the David Duke nomination.
   Patterson's "Criminal Politics" newsletter carries warnings of a
   "Zionist Trilateral Party" conspiracy to merge the United States, the
   USSR, and Europe.  This conspiracy is "anti-American, anti-religious,
   atheistic, anti-Christian, anti-Catholic, and anti- Protestant."
   (Criminal, 07/91, 6) Patterson's newsletter, which went

[IHR]                                                        [Page 22]

   for $15 an issue in 1991, listed Eustace Mullins (see above) as
   contributing editor.  Eric Butler and Ivor Benson were listed as
   correspondents.  Butler has been a long time leader of the Australian
   League of Rights and is "considered a mentor by active racists and
   anti-semites throughout the English-speaking world." (Knight, 23)
   Similarly, Benson -- Information Advisor to the former Rhodesian
   government -- was a staunch supporter of apartheid in South Africa.
   (Ibid, 153) 

   Pauline Mackey is another veteran of the David Duke campaign.  

   Col. L. Fletcher Prouty has maintained a strong relationship with
   the Liberty Lobby for years.  During the lengthy legal battles
   surrounding the Mermelstein lawsuits against the Liberty Lobby and
   Willis A. Carto, Prouty and fellow PAC advisory board member Lt.
   Col. James "Bo" Gritz were "prepared to testify as character
   witnesses on behalf of Liberty Lobby founder Willis A. Carto."
   (Spotlight, 10-7-91, 12) 

   Prouty has been a guest on the Liberty Lobby sponsored Radio Free
   America program dozens of times.  (I understand that the Pacifica
   Radio folks also broadcasts a syndicated "Radio Free America"
   program, which should not be confused with this one.) Prouty was a
   featured speaker at the 35th Liberty Lobby Board of Policy
   convention were he said "If anybody really wants to know what's
   going on in the world today, he should be reading 'Spotlight'" and
   explained that "one of the first enemies we have in this country is
   usury".  (Spotlight, 10-8-90, 14) 

   John Rarick has been "a willing enough ally of the Liberty Lobby" for
   years. (Mintz, 155) Rarick was a prominent activist in the
   segregationist white Citizens Councils.

   Robert Weems was the founding chairman of the Populist Party.  Weems
   was a "voting member of party's national executive committee" in
   1988, when the party nominated David Duke.  (Spotlight, 3-28-88, 4)
   Also the founding national chairman of the PAC, Weems was a
   Mississippi KKK leader.  (Ridgeway, 131) 

   Weems was scheduled to speak in July 1991 at the "First National
   Identity-Christian Conference in Reidsville, North Carolina.  His
   topic was "Internationalism and How it Relates to Race, Nation, and
   Faith." Other speakers at the conference included Eustace Mullins and
   Lt.  Col.  James "Bo" Gritz.  The promotional materials for this
   conference included advertisements for books such as "Our Nordic
   Race," "White Race--True People of Israel," and "God's Call to Race."
   (Conference mailing, June 1991) 


[IHR]                                                        [Page 23]

 5.0 IHR Investigates Conference Attendees

   The nature of the IHR can clearly be seen from the application it used
   for its 10th.  "International Revisionist Conference", which required
   "Those who have not been an attendee at a previous IHR conference" to
   provide the names of the conference speakers, if any, "or others you
   may know will be attending" as personal references.  If none of the
   speakers would vouch for you, you were required to provide "two personal
   references with daytime phone numbers" to permit background
   investigation before permitting those wishing to attend to do so.

   Has anyone here ever been to a convention of any scientific, medical,
   historical or academic organization and been required to have someone
   "vouch" for you before you could attend?  Clearly the IHR's interest
   in "open debate" isn't genuine, given their obvious reluctance to
   permit it at their own conventions! (get 
   pub/orgs/american/ihr/ihr.applicant)

 6.0 Epilog

   The following extract was published anonymously to alt.revisionism
   in February, 1994. It indicates that Willis Carto has been purged
   from the IHR - the Coalition for Human Dignity's Research
   Department (Portland, Oregon) offered additional information in
   its March 1, 1994 Dignity Report. (Get
   pub/people/c/carto.willis/ carto.005 for the article.)

   From _The Journal of Historical Review_, Nov/Dec 1993, pg 25:

                       WILLIS CARTO AND THE IHR

      Willis Carto is perhaps best known as the founder and director
      of Liberty Lobby, an organization based in Washington, DC that
      publishes a weekly tabloid paper, The Spotlight.  Carto has also
      been affiliated with the Institute for Historical Review since
      its founding in 1978.  As those who have attended recent IHR
      conferences know, the IHR staff acknowledges the many hours of
      volunteer help that he and his wife Elisabeth have contributed
      over the years. 

      Neither, however, contributed financially to the IHR.  Neither
      was involved in the IHR's day to day operations, nor was either
      ever a paid employee.  Willis Carto did, however, occasionally
      act as an "agent" for the Institute and its non-profit corporate
      parent, the "Legion for the Survival of Freedom, Inc."

      During the past several months, facts have come to light to
      persuade the IHR senior staff that Carto's relationship with the
      IHR had become a liability.  After much careful deliberation,
      and on advice of legal counsel, the Institute resolved to
      terminate this relationship.  Accordingly, the corporate Board
      of Directors, meeting on September 25, voted unanimously to end
      its relationship with the Cartos.  This decision has the full
      support of the IHR staff, including Director Tom Marcellus* and
      editors Mark Weber, Theodore O'Keefe and Greg Raven. (Note:
      it is my understanding that Mr. Marcellus has left the IHR to
      pursue other interests. KNM, April 5, 1995)

   * Mr. Marcellus has since left the IHR to pursue other interests,
   including the Church of Scientology.


[IHR]                                                        [Page 24]

   Tom Martinez provides us with a fitting epilog to this document in
   one of the final chapters of "Brotherhood of Murder":

      "[A] ... self-depreciating logic is displayed when the Neo-Nazis
      and their allies claim that the Holocaust never occurred. In order
      to do that, they have to deny that their hero Hitler, with whose
      anti-Semitism they are in agreement, ever intended to harm the
      Jews. Instead, the Jews wanted to harm Hitler and bring the entire
      sacred Aryan supremacy movement into disrepute, which they did -
      with diabolical cleverness - by fabricating the Holocaust. Just as
      with Cutler's* analysis of The Order's failure, in denying the
      Holocaust, the Aryan racists are admitting they aren't capable of
      carrying out their own aims. Each time they appear to have tried
      to do so - as with the Jews in Germany or The Order - they are
      actually under the control of their enemy. In this way, claims of
      Aryan superiority become riddled with admissions of Aryan
      inferiority, which admissions - because they are psychologically
      insupportable to those making them - are readily denied through
      the creation of a fantasy world..." (Martinez, 206)

   * Eldon "Bud" Cutler, who succeeded Gary Yarbrough as security chief
     for the Aryan Nations in 1985

 7.0 Reference Section

   An extensive Holocaust-related bibliography is available from our
   archives, at http://www.nizkor.eye.net/.

   In the future, as we locate sources of material specific to the IHR
   and Willis Carto, we will add them to this section.

   We have published several Holocaust-related FAQ's previous to this
   one, and all are available via anonymous ftp (see the beginning of 
   this document for specifics). These research guides also provide 
   specific bibliographic citations.

   The following are available now:

   	Archive Name	 Subject		File Name
	------------     -------         	----------
	auschwitz        Auschwitz		auschwitz.faq1
	auschwitz        Auschwitz		auschwitz.faq2
	leuchter	 Leuchter Report	leuchter.faq1
	leuchter	 Leuchter Report	leuchter.faq2
	reinhard	 Operation Reinhard 	reinhard.faq1
	reinhard	 Operation Reinhard	reinhard.faq2


[IHR]                                                        [Page 25]

   The Fascism and Holocaust archives are also available via
   anonymous ftp from: ftp.nizkor.org, in the directory /pub,
   and via World Wide Web (http://www.nizkor.org).

 7.1 Suggesting Reading
 
   ADL Special Report. Embattled Bigots: A Split in the Ranks of
     the Holocaust Denial Movement. Anti-Defamation League, 1994.
 
   Diamond, Sara. Spiritual Warfare: The Politics of the Christian Right.
     Montreal, PQ, and New York: Black Rose Books, 1990
  
   George, John and Laird Wilcox. Nazis, Communists, Klansmen and Others on the      Fringe.  New York:  Promotheus, 1992

   "It's Not Populism," and "When Hate Groups Come to Town: A Handbook
     of Effective Community Response." Center for Democratic Renewal, 
     P.O. Box 50469, Atlanta, Georgia, USA 30302-0469. 

   Mintz, Frank P. The Liberty Lobby and the American Right: Race,
     Conspiracy, and Culture. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985

   Simonds, C.H. "Liberty Lobby - Willis Carto and his Fronts,"
     National Review, September 10, 1971. (Request holocaust/ihr
     carto.002 for complete text.)
		
 7.2 Glossary

   NCLC: The National Caucus of Labor Committees, organized by followers
         of Lyndon LaRouche. For a comprehensive look at LaRouche and the
         NCLC, see King.

 7.3 Works Cited

   Aho, James. The Politics of Righteousness: Idaho Christian Patriotism.
      Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1990

   Anderson, Scott and John Lee Anderson. Inside the League. New York:
     Dodd, Mead and Company, 1986

   Caplan, Marc, ed. Hitler's Apologists: The Anti-Semitic Propaganda
     of Holocaust "Revisionism". Anti-Defamation League, 1993

   Barrett, Stanley R. Is God a Racist? Toronto: University of 
      Toronto Press, 1987. ISBN 0802066739

   Bellant, Russ. Old Nazis, the New Right, and the Republican Party. 
      Boston: South End Press, 1991

   Bilodeau, Paul. "The Zundel Trial," Toronto Star: March 4, 1988

   CDC. "Fact Sheet: Holocaust Denial," Coalition for Human Dignity,
      P.O. Box 40344, Portland, Oregon 97240.


[IHR]                                                        [Page 26]

   Criminal Politics, Patterson Strategy Organization, P.O. Box 37812, 
      Cincinnati, Ohio 45222

   Diamond, Sara. 'The Right's Grass Roots.' "Z"  March 1992: 19+

   Fielding, Nigel. The National Front. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1981

   Gritz, James. Called to Serve. Sandy Valley, Nevada: Lazarus Publishing 
      Company, 1991

   Hill, Ray, with Andrew Bell. The Other Face of Terror. Grafton Books,
      1988 **

   King, Dennis. Lyndon LaRouche and the New American Fascism. New York:
      Doubleday, 1989

   Knight, Derrick. Beyond the Pale: The Christian Political Fringe. 
      Lanashire: Caraf Publications, 1982 
                                Work cited

   Lipstadt, Deborah E.  Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on
      Truth and Memory.  New York: The Free Press (A division of Macmillan,
      Inc.), 1993.

   Martinez, Thomas, with John Guinther. Brotherhood of Murder. New
      York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1988. ISBN 0070406995

   Mintz, Frank P. The Liberty Lobby and the American Right. Westport,
      Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1985

   Rauber, Paul. 'Response to letter by Mark Weber.' "The Express"
      January 17, 1992: 4. [PS-Express Publishing Company, P.O. Box 3198,
      Berkeley, California] (Request ihr express.011792 for the entire 
      Weber letter and Rauber's response, transcribed for release to 
      UseNet with permission)

   Rauber, Paul. 'Sticks and Stones' column, "The Express" 
      January 10, 1992 (Request ihr express.011092 for the complete
      article, transcribed for release to UseNet with permission)

   Ridgeway, James. Blood in the Face. Thunder's Mouth Press, 1990

   Rose, Douglas, ed. The Emergence of David Duke and the Politics of Race. 
       Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992 

   Scriptures for America, P.O. Box 766, LaPorte, Colorado, 80535. 

   Seidel, Gill. The Holocaust Denial. London: Beyond the Pale 
      Collective, 1986


[IHR]                                                        [Page 27]

   Spotlight, The.  According to the masthead on the May 17, 1993
   edition, The Spotlight is published weekly except for two issues
   combined into one at the beginning of the year by Cordite Fidelity,
   Inc.  at 300 Independence Ave.  SE, Washington, D.C.  20003. *

   *  However, the Spotlight has referred to Liberty Lobby as the
      publisher of the Spotlight-see Section 4.2, first paragraph.  Most
      likely Cordite Fidelity is some sort of holding company.

   ** The reference to the Nazi-style attire of Tyndall in the Hill book
      comes from the caption of an un-numbered page which is one of the
      photographs ("plates" I would call them) in the center of the book
      between pages 160 and 161.  Page 61 (sixty-one) describes the
      Spearhead paramilitary group and its breakup by police.  

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